Industrial ceramics, that is, ceramics for industrial production and industrial products. It is a kind of fine ceramics, which can exert mechanical, thermal and chemical functions in applications. Because industrial ceramics has a series of advantages such as high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and erosion resistance, it can replace metal materials and organic polymer materials for demanding working environments, and has become a traditional industrial transformation, emerging industry and high-tech. An indispensable important material has broad application prospects in the fields of energy, aerospace, machinery, automobile, electronics and chemical industry. Use ceramics that are resistant to corrosion and chemically stable to biological enzymes to produce crucibles for smelting metals, heat exchangers, biomaterials such as artificial lacquer joints, etc., using special ceramics for capturing and absorbing neutrons to produce various cores. Anti-stack structure materials, etc.
1) Ordinary ceramics
Ordinary ceramics refer to clay-based ceramics, which are prepared by mixing clay, feldspar and quartz. The properties depend on the purity, particle size and proportion of the three raw materials. Generally, the texture is hard, corrosion resistant, non-oxidizing, non-conductive, resistant to certain high temperatures and good formability.
application:
Industrial common ceramics are mainly used for electric porcelain for insulation, chemical porcelain with high acid and alkali requirements, porcelain for structural parts with low load bearing requirements, such as insulators, corrosion-resistant containers, pipes and decorative porcelain and tableware in daily life. Wait.
2) Alumina ceramics
The ceramic is made of AL2O3 as the main component (AL2O3 mass fraction is divided into >45%). According to the main crystal phase in the porcelain blank, it can be divided into corundum, corundum, mullite and mullite. It can be divided into 75 porcelain, 95 porcelain and 99 porcelain according to the mass fraction of AL2O3.
application:
Alumina ceramics have high melting point, high hardness, high strength, good chemical resistance and dielectric properties. However, it has high brittleness, poor impact resistance and thermal shock resistance, and cannot withstand drastic changes in ambient temperature. It can be used to manufacture furnace tubes, furnace linings, spark plugs for internal combustion engines, etc., and can also manufacture high-hardness cutting tools and good materials for manufacturing thermocouple insulating sleeves.
3) Silicon carbide ceramics
The most important feature of SiC ceramics is high temperature strength, high thermal conductivity, high wear resistance, corrosion resistance and creep resistance. It is often used as a high-temperature sintering material in the fields of national defense, aerospace and other technologies. The nozzle of the rocket tail nozzle, the throat nozzle for pouring metal, and the high temperature parts such as thermowell and furnace tube.
application:
Due to its high thermal conductivity, it can also be used to manufacture high-temperature strength parts such as blades and bearings for gas turbines, as materials for high-temperature heat exchangers, and encapsulating materials for nuclear fuels.
4) Lithium oxide ceramics
The main crystal phase of lithium oxide ceramics is eucryptite (Li2O·Al2O3·2SiO2) and spodumene (Li2O·Al2O3·4SiO2), which is characterized by low coefficient of thermal expansion (-0.03×10/ in the range of 100~1000°C). °C~ 4.08×10/°C), good thermal shock resistance. Li2O is a network exosome oxide that has the function of strengthening the glass network and can effectively improve the chemical stability of the glass.
What is industrial ceramics?
2019 10/23